Federation of American Scientists Case Studies in Dual Use Biological Research Module 5.0: Antibiotic Resistance Case Study
Topic: References

References for History of Antibiotics
(1)
Ho, David, Alexander Fleming, TIME Magazine: TIME 100 People of the Century, 3/29/1999; available at http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/fleming.html, accessed 3/25/2007.
 
(2)
American Chemical Society, The Discovery and Development of Penicillin; available at http://acswebcontent.acs.org/landmarks/landmarks/penicillin/penicillin.html, accessed 3/25/2007.
 
(3)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Antimicrobial Resistance in Healthcare Settings | CDC Infection Control in Healthcare; available at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar.html, accessed 3/25/2007.
 
(4)
Levy, Stuart, The Challenge of Antibiotic Resistance, Scientific American, Mar;278(3):46-53 (1998).
(5)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, The Problem of Antimicrobial Resistance, (2006); available at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/antimicro.htm, accessed 3/25/2007.
 
(6)
Center for Diesease Control and Prevention Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, "Questions and Answers about TB 2005;" available at http://www.cdc.gov/tb/faqs/default.htm, accessed 3/25/2007.
 
(7)
Levy, S and Marshall B. Antibacterial resistance worldwide: causes, challenges, and responses. Nature Medicine Supplement. (2004) 12, S122-9.
 
(8)
Bud, Robert, The Medicine Chest: The History of Antibiotics, Wellcome Focus, 7/1/2005; available at http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/doc_WTX026108.html, accessed 3/25/2007.
 
(9)
Levy, Stuart B., The Antibiotic Paradox: How Miracle Drugs Are Destroying the Miracle, Boston: Perseus Books, 2002.
(10)
Gross, T, The danger of not taking all of your prescribed antibiotics, Marin Independent Journal, 1/8/2007; http://www.marinij.com/lifestyles/ci_4970924.
 
(11)
Wenzel, Richard P, "The Antibiotic Pipeline - Challenges, Costs, and Values," The New England Journal of Medicine. (2004) 351(6): 523-526.
(12)
Katx, ML, Mueller, LV, Polyakov, M, and Weinstock, SF, "Where have all the antibiotic patents gone?" Nature Biotechnology. (2006) 24, 1529-153. Available at http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v24/n12/full/nbt1206-1529.html.
 
(13)
Chain, E, Florey, HW, Gardner, AD, Heatley, NG, Jennings, MA, Ewing, JO, and Sanders, AG, Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent. The Lancet. (1940) 2, 226-228.
 
(14)
Florey, ME, and Florey, HW, General and local administration of penicillin. The Lancet. (1943) 1, 387-397.
 

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